Epic Code LAB1230580 Calprotectin, Feces
Interface Order Alias
1230580
Quick Collect
LOOK + LOOK
Clinical Information
Fecal calprotectin is a non-invasive biomarker for distinguishing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC), from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) when used in conjunction with other diagnostic modalities, including endoscopy, histology, and imaging.
Fecal calprotectin is a calcium-and zinc-binding protein comprising 60% of the total cytoplasmic protein content of neutrophils. In the process of inflammation, neutrophils are activated, leading to release of cellular proteins, including calprotectin. Calprotectin translocates across the epithelial barrier, enters the lumen of the gut, and is absorbed by the fecal material. The amount of calprotectin present in the feces is proportional to the number of neutrophils within the gastrointestinal mucosa.
When used for the differential diagnosis of IBD from IBS, fecal calprotectin has a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 88% at the cut-off of 160 mcg/g. However, it must be remembered that increases in fecal calprotectin are not diagnostic for IBD, as other disorders such as celiac disease, colorectal cancer, and gastrointestinal infections, may also be associated with neutrophilic inflammation.
Icons & Photos
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Stool Collection Kit - Please use the "Empty Vial" | Sterile Collection Container with Screw on Lid |
Collection Instructions
Specimen Type: Stool
Container/Tube: Sterile Empty vial (white cap) of the stool specimen collection kit or sterile collection container with screw-on lid.
Minimum volume: 1 gram or 1 mL
Collection Instructions:
- Issue additional container for specimen collection if collecting multiple stool tests. Do not combine with other containers.
- Be sure the cap is secured.
- Fresh unpreserved stool is required.
- See resources for patient collection sheet
Specimen Transport Temperature (off-site collection): Refrigerated is preferred but Ambient is acceptable
Lab Staff Instructions
LOOK+LOOK
- Sample can be received ambient or on a cold pack, do not reject ambient specimens without consulting a toxicology tech first.
- Once the specimen is received in SHRL Lab Central, store the specimen in the refrigerator for pick up by the Toxicology Lab.
Rejection Criteria
Specimens will be rejected if
- Stool collection is greater than 72 hours once received in the laboratory
- Sample is collected in vial containing a preservative/fixative
- Leaky specimen - Make sure all container lids are fastened evenly and securely.
- Frozen specimens are unacceptable
Specimen Stability
Ambient: 3 days
Refrigerated: 6 days
Frozen: Unacceptable
Laboratory Retention: 3 days
Test Frequency
Test performed Monday, Wednesday, Friday, with average TAT 1 - 3 days
Reference Range
<80 mcg/g (Normal)
80-160 mcg/g (Borderline)
>160 mcg/g (Abnormal)
Reference values established for ≥ 4 years old.
Interpretation
Fecal calprotectin concentrations <80 mcg/g are not indicative of active inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract with a negative predictive value of approximately 91%.
Fecal calprotectin concentrations between 80 and 160 mcg/g are borderline and may not be directly indicative of an active inflammation. Re-evaluation of fecal calprotectin levels after 4 to 6 weeks is recommended.
Fecal calprotectin concentrations >160 mcg/g are indicative of an active inflammatory process with a positive predictive value of approximately 86%. Further diagnostic testing to determine the etiology of the inflammation is suggested.
Limitations/Cautions
Falsely increased fCAL concentrations can be caused by the following:
- Proton pump inhibitors.
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
- Enteropathological microorganisms
- Ova and parasites
- Bacteria
Falsely decreased fCAL concentrations can be caused by the following:
- Patients who have granulocytopenia due to bone marrow depression.
Performing Department
Toxicology
Performing Department Laboratory Location
Corewell Health Reference Laboratory, Grand Rapids, MI
Methodology
Turbidimetric
CPT
83993
CDM Code
3008399301
Epic Test ID
1230102198
LOINC
38445-3
Mayo Access Code
SHO1230580
Reviewed Date
2/15/2023